γ-H2AX foci immunodetection in lymphocytes may detect radiation-induced DNA damage associated with I-131 therapy for thyroid cancer, and may facilitate estimation of the radiation doses absorbed with this therapy.
ZD 6474 has shown promising activity in preclinical models against RET kinase, and its contemporary inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor and epidermal growth factor pathways renders it a very attractive drug for clinical trials in thyroid cancer.
ZD 6474 has shown promising activity in preclinical models against RET kinase, and its contemporary inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor and epidermal growth factor pathways renders it a very attractive drug for clinical trials in thyroid cancer.
ZD 6474 has shown promising activity in preclinical models against RET kinase, and its contemporary inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor and epidermal growth factor pathways renders it a very attractive drug for clinical trials in thyroid cancer.
ZD 6474 has shown promising activity in preclinical models against RET kinase, and its contemporary inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor and epidermal growth factor pathways renders it a very attractive drug for clinical trials in thyroid cancer.
With an HMGA2 overexpression change of 5.9-fold or greater compared with a thyroid tumor cell line as a positive cutoff, the test was found to have the following overall performance for detecting malignant nodules: sensitivity of 71%, specificity of 97%, positive predictive value of 94%, and negative predictive value of 84%.
Whole exome data from 59 participants from 20 kindreds were examined for mutations in HABP2 and the thyroid cancer susceptibility genes SRGAP1, NKX2-1, SRRM2 and FOXE1.
Whilst activating mutations in the TSH receptor or in the Gs alpha-subunit, which increase cAMP levels, have been shown to be responsible for 80% of the autonomous adenomas, no such mutations have been observed in the other types of thyroid tumors, suggesting that other mechanisms exist.
While these approaches are still tested in vitro or in animal models, first results from pilot studies concerning other novel treatment modalities are available: (7) radioimmunotherapy exploits the carcinoembryonic antigen expressed on medullary thyroid carcinomas to target a radiolabelled antibody to the tumour; and (8) retinoic acid is used for a redifferentiation therapy in the case of thyroid cancer.
While the majority of seminomas retain a hypo-methylated genome, a small fraction displays a highly methylated genome, resembling hyper-methylated non-seminomas.It is well established from e.g. melanoma, colorectal and thyroid cancer that a methylated phenotype can be correlated to prognosis and can be related to BRAF mutations.
While mutation of the BRAF gene, corresponding to the constitutively active BRAF(V600E) protein, has been associated with worse clinical outcomes in thyroid cancer, the reasons underlying this observation are presently unknown.
While RET TK inhibitors (TKIs) are used to treat thyroid cancer and are in clinical trials for RET fusion-positive non-small cell lung cancer, the impact of mutations in the RET kinase domain on drug sensitivity is largely uncharacterized.
While LAMB3 is involved in the invasive and metastatic abilities of several tumor types, including those found in the colon, pancreas, lung, cervix, stomach, and prostate, its mechanism of action in thyroid cancer has not been investigated previously.
While BRAF(V600E) is a highly specific marker of thyroid cancer, RET rearrangements have been disclosed also in non malignant thyroid lesions and their biological significance is debated.
Whereas PTEN inactivation is uncommon in sporadic thyroid cancer, activation of growth factor pathways that signal through Akt is frequently identified.
When we investigated models of murine thyroid tumors induced by the administration of carcinogens, high expression of Snx5 was also observed in well-differentiated thyroid tumors, further implying that the tumorigenesis of the thyroid gland was tightly associated with the abundance of SNX5/Snx5.